Konsep ḥeseḏ dalam Kitab Hosea: Sebuah Analisis Teologis Tentang Kesetiaan Allah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51591/pst.v26i1.321Keywords:
ḥeseḏ, The Book of Hosea, God's Faithfulness, Covenant RelationshipAbstract
The Book of Hosea presents a theological tension between judgment and restoration, both of which dominate God’s relationship with Israel. This issue raises questions regarding the theological basis that explains the coherence of God’s actions amid the people’s unfaithfulness. Previous studies generally interpret ḥeseḏ as love, faithfulness, restoration, or ethical demands, but have not specifically examined its theological function in explaining the relationship between judgment and restoration within the overall message of Hosea. This study aims to analyze the theological function of ḥeseḏ and its contribution to understanding God’s faithfulness in the Book of Hosea. The research was conducted through a literature review using a biblical theology approach and a theological-thematic analysis of Hosea 2:19–20; 4:1; 6:4, 6; 10:12; and 12:6. The results of the study indicate that ḥeseḏ functions as a relational category that explains the covenant crisis, the basis for divine judgment, and the possibility of the people’s restoration. This study concludes that ḥeseḏ reveals God’s consistency in upholding His covenantal commitment, such that both judgment and restoration are understood as manifestations of the same divine faithfulness. Recommendations for further research focus on an intertextual study of the development of ḥeseḏ within the Old Testament prophetic tradition.
References
Andersen, Francis I., and David Noel Freedman. Hosea: A New Translation With Introduction And Commentary. Vol. 24. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1980.
Arnold, Bill T., and John H. Choi. A Guide To Biblical Hebrew Syntax. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
Berlin, Adele. The Dynamics of Biblical Parallelism. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2008.
Brown, Francis, S. R. Driver, and Charles A. Briggs. A Hebrew And English Lexicon Of The Old Testament: With An Appendix Containing The Biblical Aramaic - Based On The Lexicon Of William Gesenius. London: Oxford University Press, 1962.
Brueggemann, Walter. Theology Of The Old Testament: Testimony, Dispute, Advocacy. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1997.
Clark, Gordon R. The Word “Hesed” In The Hebrew Bible. London And New York: Bloomsbury Academic Publishing, 2015.
Dearman, J. Andrew. The New International Commentary on the Old Testament: The Book Of Hosea. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2010.
Dumbrell, William J. Covenant And Creation: An Old Testament Covenant Theology. Milton Keynes: Paternoster, 2013.
Glueck, Nelson. Hesed In The Bible. Cincinnati: The Hebrew Union College Press, 1967.
Goldingay, John. Old Testament Theology: Israel’s Gospel. Vol. 1. Downers Grove, Illinois: Inter-Varsity Press, 2003.
Gultom, Edrawd Colin. “Penerapan Kasih Setia Berdasarkan Kitab Hosea Pada Pasangan Suami Istri Generasi Milenial.” Teokristi: Jurnal Teologi Kontekstual Dan Pelayanan Kristiani 3, no. 1 (2023): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.38189/jtk.v3i1.512.
Harris, R. Laird, Gleason L. Archer, Jr., and Bruce K. Waltke. Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament. Chicago, Illinois: Moody Publishers, 2003.
Hasel, Gerhard F. Old Testament Theology: Basic Issues In The Current Debate. Fourth Edition. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1991.
Hia, Maritaisi, and Ya’aro Harefa. “Kesetiaan Allah Di Dalam Hosea 3:1-5: Perjalanan Yang Membawa Pulang.” Jurnal Teologi Trinity 1, no. 1 (2023): 15–25. https://doi.org/10.62494/JTT.2023.11.2.
Irwanto, Ferry. “Hesed Dalam Kitab Hosea Sebagai Dasar Konseling Pastoral Bagi Pemulihan Relasi Yang Rusak.” NPTRS: The New Perspective In Theology And Religious Studies 6, no. 2 (2025): 207–22. https://doi.org/10.47900/tj7ynz32.
Joüon, Paul, and Takamitsu Muraoka. A Grammar of Biblical Hebrew. Roma: Pontificio Istituto Biblico, 2006.
Klein, William W., Craig L. Blomberg, and Robert L. Hubbard, Jr. Introduction to Biblical Interpretation 2. Malang: Literatur SAAT, 2017.
Koehler, Ludwig, and Walter Baumgartner. The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament. Leiden, The Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill, 2000.
Limburg, James. Interpretation A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching: Hosea-Micah. Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1988.
Loi, Lestari, Christovel Lubis, and Gracetinovitria Merliana Butarbutar. “Integrasi Ketaatan Dan Kesetiaan Hosea Sebagai Refleksi Iman Bagi Kepala Keluarga Kristen Masa Kini Berdasarkan Hosea 3:1-5.” Tri Tunggal: Jurnal Pendidikan Kristen Dan Katolik 2, no. 3 (2024): 136–42. https://doi.org/10.61132/tritunggal.v2i3.429.
Pekuwali, John Riwu, and Sintia Permatasari Mulla. “Cinta Yang Menebus: Studi Teologis Kitab Hosea Sebagai Paradigma Relasi Allah Yang Penuh Kasih Dan Pemulihan Bagi Umat-Nya.” EPIGRAPHE: Jurnal Teologi Dan Pelayanan Kristiani 8, no. 1 (2024): 72–81. https://doi.org/10.33991/epigraphe.v8i1.518.
Priyono, Joko, Andarias Pangngaroan, and Rahel Rati Sarungallo. “Makna Kesetiaan Dalam Perjanjian Allah: Analisis Kontekstual Kitab Hosea.” Jurnal Ilmiah Tafsir Alkitab 1, no. 2 (2024): 167–80. https://doi.org/10.69668/juita.v1i2.21.
Sakenfeld, Katharine Doob. The Meaning Of Hesed In The Hebrew Bible: A New Inquirq. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock Publishers, 1978.
Silalahi, Binsar Pandapotan, Anon Dwi Saputro, and Paulus Dimas Prabowo. “Korelasi Antara Ketidaksetiaan Dan Konsekuensi Sosial Terhadap Identitas-Spiritualitas Umat Menurut Hosea 8.” Logon Zoes: Jurnal Teologi, Sosial, Dan Budaya 8, no. 2 (2025): 37–48. https://doi.org/10.53827/lz.v8i2.10.
Stuart, Douglas. Word Biblical Commentary: Hosea-Jonah. Vol. 31. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 1988.
Subramani, Rev Dr N. “The Imagery of Love in the Book of Hosea (Hosea 3: 1-5): A Word Study.” BIBLICAL STUDIES JOURNAL 4, no. 1 (2022): 33–59. https://doi.org/10.54513/BSJ.2022.4103.
Vang, Carsten. “God’s Love According to Hosea and Deuteronomy: A Prophetic Reworking of a Deuteronomic Concept?” Tyndale Bulletin 62, no. 2 (2011): 173–94.
Waltke, Bruce K., and M. O’Connor. An Introduction to Biblical Hebrew Syntax. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 1990.
Watson, Wilfred G. E. Classical Hebrew Poetry: A Guide to Its Techniques. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1986.
Yee, Gale A. Composition and Tradition in the Book of Hosea: A Redaction Critical Investigation. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 1987.
Zebua, Boyman Aspirasi, and Ruby Hatlan. “Makna Kasih Tuhan Bagi Bangsa Israel Melalui Peristiwa Hosea Mengawini Gomer Yang Terdapat Di Dalam Kitab Hosea 1: 2-9.” Jurnal Shema 7, no. 01 (2023). https://ejurnal.sttpshema.ac.id/index.php/shema/article/view/1.
Zvi, Ehud Ben. Hosea: The Forms Of The Old Testament Literature. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2005.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Billy Graham Koirewoa, Novilda Anggel Yana Taopan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
for any purpose, even commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
